講座題目：全球?qū)Ш叫l(wèi)星系統(tǒng)挑戰(zhàn)環(huán)境下的導(dǎo)航技術(shù)
　　報(bào) 告 人：Emeritus Gérard Lachapelle
　　時(shí)　 間：2019年3月14日(周四)9：00
　　地　 點(diǎn)：信息科學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)樓902
　　主辦單位：研究生院,、信息與電子學(xué)院
　　報(bào)名方式：登錄北京理工大學(xué)微信企業(yè)號(hào)---第二課堂---課程報(bào)名中選擇“【百家大講堂】第170期：全球?qū)Ш叫l(wèi)星系統(tǒng)挑戰(zhàn)環(huán)境下的導(dǎo)航技術(shù)”
【主講人簡(jiǎn)介】
 
 
   Gerard Lachapelle教授是加拿大卡爾加里大學(xué)(University of Calgary)地理信息工程系無線定位研究領(lǐng)域的加拿大研究主席/信息學(xué)卓越圈(Informatics Circle of Research Excellence)主席,。是IEEE Fellow、加拿大皇家學(xué)會(huì)院士,、美國(guó)導(dǎo)航學(xué)會(huì)會(huì)士,、加拿大工程院院士和英國(guó)皇家導(dǎo)航學(xué)會(huì)院士,。
  Gerard Lachapelle教授和他的PLAN (Position, Location and Navigation) Proup開發(fā)了許多與全球?qū)Ш叫l(wèi)星系統(tǒng)(Global Navigation Satellite Systems, GNSS)相關(guān)的新算法、軟件和專利,，并獲得了全球許可,。自2001年在無線定位中取得了CRC/iCORE Chair以來，其研究還包括了新的GNSS信號(hào)處理方法,、室內(nèi)技術(shù)和新應(yīng)用的發(fā)展,。Lachapelle教授活躍于多個(gè)協(xié)會(huì)，2002-2003年曾任美國(guó)導(dǎo)航學(xué)會(huì)西部協(xié)會(huì)副主席,。他曾獲得過許多獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng),，包括美國(guó)導(dǎo)航學(xué)會(huì)Johannes Kepler Award。
Professor Emeritus Gérard Lachapelle holds a Canada Research Chair/Informatics Circle of Research Excellence Chair in wireless location in the Department of Geomatics Engineering, the University of Calgary, Canada, where he has been professor since 1988 and Department Head from 1995 to 2003. From 1980 to 1988, he was Executive VP of Nortech (Surveys) Canada Inc. and Norstar Instruments where he directed GPS R&D programs, which resulted in the development of receiver technology that was subsequently taken over by NovAtel Inc in the late 80s. Since joining the University of Calgary, he and his PLAN (Position, Location And Navigation) Proup have developed numerous novel algorithms, software and patents related to Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) that have been licensed worldwide. Since holding a CRC/iCORE Chair in wireless location in 2001, this research also includes the development of new GNSS signal processing methods, indoor technologies and new applications. He holds degrees in geodesy and surveying engineering for Laval University, the University of Oxford, the University of Helsinki and the Technical University at Graz. Prior to 1980, he worked for five years as a geodetic engineer with the Geodetic Survey of Canada where he was involved in geodetic research and the Redefinition of the North American Datum, a joint project with the U.S. National Geodetic Survey. Professor Lachapelle has been active in numerous associations and was Western Vice President of the (U.S.) Institute of Navigation in 2002-03. He has received scores of awards for his work, including the Institute of Navigation Johannes Kepler Award in 1997 and fellowship of IEEE, the Royal Society of Canada, the Institute of Navigation, the Canadian Academy of Engineering and the Royal Institute of Navigation.
 
【講座信息】
   全球?qū)Ш叫l(wèi)星系統(tǒng)主要用于衛(wèi)星和接收天線之間無阻礙的信號(hào)傳輸,。當(dāng)視線部分或全部被阻擋,，例如在樹林中，在城市街道或在室內(nèi),，信號(hào)會(huì)減弱并且會(huì)要么難以獲取,，要么受較大誤差影響。報(bào)告會(huì)給出相關(guān)位置精度和可獲取性降低的例子,。軌道估計(jì)在上述條件下的影響被稱作全球?qū)Ш叫l(wèi)星系統(tǒng)測(cè)距法,，以視線和非視線的例子闡明。其他系統(tǒng)和傳感器既可用作在上述條件下全球?qū)Ш叫l(wèi)星系統(tǒng)的補(bǔ)充又可作為替代,。這些系統(tǒng)可以分為兩大類,，無線電頻率和獨(dú)立傳感器。第一類包括地面信號(hào),，比如Wi-Fi,，藍(lán)牙和移動(dòng)電話傳輸塔,。由于誤差的影響和發(fā)射器位置的變化，它們的使用和管理較為復(fù)雜,。第二類由獨(dú)立傳感器（地磁傳感器,，加速器，陀螺儀,，氣壓計(jì),，光學(xué)傳感器）組成，主要用于大多數(shù)的移動(dòng)設(shè)備,，不僅提供位置還能測(cè)量用戶的物理活動(dòng)水平,。
  GNSS are designed primarily to operate under unobstructed signal transmission conditions between satellites and receiver antennas. When line-of-sight (LOS) is partly or totally blocked, e.g. under the forestry canopy, in city streets and indoors, signals are attenuated and become either unavailable or affected by large errors. Examples are provided to show related position accuracy and availability degradation. The effect of above conditions on trajectory estimation, called GNSS odometry, is illustrated through LOS and non-LOS examples. Other systems and sensors are used to either complement or replace GNSS in these conditions. These can be classified into two broad categories, namely RF and self-contained sensors. The first category includes ground signals such as WiFi, Bluetooth and mobile phone transmission towers. Their use and management are complex due to errors and transmitter location changes. The second category consists of self-contained sensors (magnetic, accelerometers, gyros, barometers, optical), now used in most mobile devices, not only to provide location but to measure the physical activity level of users.